President Trump presided over a show of American military might in the nation’s capital on Saturday evening, a celebration of the 250th anniversary of the United States Army that became a test of wills and competing imagery, with demonstrators around the country decrying his expansion of executive power.

特朗普總統(tǒng)于周六晚間在首都主持了一場(chǎng)展示美國軍事力量的活動(dòng)，慶祝美國陸軍成立250周年，這場(chǎng)活動(dòng)成為意志較量和對(duì)立形象的試驗(yàn)，全國各地的示威者譴責(zé)他擴(kuò)大行政權(quán)力。

Mr. Trump sat in a reviewing stand on Constitution Avenue as armored vehicles dating from two World Wars and overflights of 80-year old bombers and modern helicopters shook downtown Washington. The city was locked down, divided by a wall of tall, black crowd-control fences designed to assure that the parade, the first of its kind since American troops returned from the Gulf War in 1991, was an uninterrupted demonstration of history and American power.

特朗普坐在憲法大道上的檢閱臺(tái)上，觀看來自兩次世界大戰(zhàn)的裝甲車以及80年歷史的轟炸機(jī)和現(xiàn)代直升機(jī)的飛越，震動(dòng)了華盛頓市中心。城市被封鎖，高大的黑色人群控制圍欄將城市分割，確保這場(chǎng)自1991年海灣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)美軍返回以來首次的閱兵式，成為歷史和美國力量的不間斷展示。

It went off without a hitch, but also without even a nod to the current moment. When Mr. Trump left his seat between his wife, Melania Trump, and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth, it was to swear in new soldiers — “Have a great life,” he told them after the brief ceremony — and then, at sundown, to recall the Army’s greatest moments.

閱兵式順利進(jìn)行，但完全沒有提及當(dāng)下時(shí)刻。特朗普離開他與妻子梅拉尼婭·特朗普及國防部長皮特·赫格塞斯之間的座位，是為了為新兵宣誓——在簡短儀式后他對(duì)他們說：“祝你們生活美好”——然后在日落時(shí)分，回顧陸軍最輝煌的時(shí)刻。

He invoked George Washington and recalled Gettysburg. Yet he spoke more to the Army’s power than to its purpose. “Time and again, America’s enemies have learned that you threaten the American people, soldiers are coming for you. Your defeat will be certain, your demise will be final, and your downfall will be total and complete.”

他提到了喬治·華盛頓，回憶了葛底斯堡戰(zhàn)役。然而，他更多地談及陸軍的力量而非其宗旨?！耙淮斡忠淮?，美國的敵人已經(jīng)明白，如果你威脅美國人民，士兵們會(huì)來找你。你的失敗將是確定的，你的滅亡將是最終的，你的垮臺(tái)將是徹底而完全的?！?br />
Hours before he left the White House, the day had already encapsulated the sharpness of America’s divide over immigration, free speech and Mr. Trump’s determination to reshape the government, universities and cultural institutions to adopt his worldview.

在他離開白宮前的幾個(gè)小時(shí)，這一天已經(jīng)濃縮了美國在移民、言論自由以及特朗普決心重塑政府、大學(xué)和文化機(jī)構(gòu)以采納其世界觀上的尖銳分歧。

By design, military parades are part national celebration and part international intimidation, and Mr. Trump has wanted one in Washington since he attended a Bastille Day parade in Paris in 2017. Formally, the parade celebrates the decision by the Second Continental Congress on June 14, 1775, to raise a unified, lightly armed force of colonialists after the shock of the battles with British forces at Lexington and Concord. That army, which George Washington took command of a month later, ultimately expelled the far larger, better armed colonial force.

按照設(shè)計(jì)，軍事閱兵既是國家慶典的一部分，也是國際威懾的一部分，特朗普自2017年參加巴黎巴士底日閱兵以來就希望在華盛頓舉行一次。正式來說，這場(chǎng)閱兵慶祝第二大陸會(huì)議于1775年6月14日決定，在萊克星頓和康科德與英軍戰(zhàn)斗的震驚之后，組建一支統(tǒng)一的、輕武裝的殖民者部隊(duì)。一個(gè)月后，喬治·華盛頓接管了這支軍隊(duì)，最終驅(qū)逐了規(guī)模更大、裝備更好的殖民軍隊(duì)。

But no celebration of history takes place in a political vacuum. And protesters in large cities and small towns from Seattle to Key West showed up in overwhelmingly peaceful demonstrations against how Mr. Trump was making use of the modern force. His decisions over the past week to federalize the National Guard and call the Marines into the streets of Los Angeles, in support of his immigration roundups, has supercharged a debate about whether he is abusing the powers of the commander in chief.

但任何歷史慶?；顒?dòng)都不可能在政治真空環(huán)境中進(jìn)行。從西雅圖到基韋斯特，大城市和小城鎮(zhèn)的抗議者以壓倒性的和平示威出現(xiàn)，反對(duì)特朗普如何使用現(xiàn)代軍隊(duì)。他過去一周決定將國民警衛(wèi)隊(duì)聯(lián)邦化，并召集海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)進(jìn)入洛杉磯街頭，以支持他的移民圍捕行動(dòng)，激化了關(guān)于他是否濫用總司令權(quán)力的爭(zhēng)論。

It was a split-screen show of force. Roughly 2,000 protests, under the slogan “No Kings,” pushed back against what the crowds decried as authoritarian overreach. While the big-city rallies attracted the attention and the cameras, smaller events were organized in rural areas, including three dozen in Indiana, a state Mr. Trump won last November by 19 points.

這是一場(chǎng)分屏的力量展示。大約2000場(chǎng)抗議活動(dòng)以“不要國王”為口號(hào)，反對(duì)人群譴責(zé)的專制越權(quán)。雖然大城市的集會(huì)吸引了關(guān)注和鏡頭，但在農(nóng)村地區(qū)也組織了較小規(guī)模的活動(dòng)，包括印第安納州的三十多場(chǎng)，該州特朗普去年11月以19個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的優(yōu)勢(shì)獲勝。

In Dallas, another stronghold of Mr. Trump’s support, crowds of protesters stretched across a wide street for at least five blocks. The Houston protest looked more like a block party, with dances to Mexican music and cool-offs in a fountain.

在達(dá)拉斯，特朗普支持的另一個(gè)據(jù)點(diǎn)，抗議人群在一條寬闊的街道上綿延至少五個(gè)街區(qū)。休斯頓的抗議活動(dòng)看起來更像是街區(qū)派對(duì)，有墨西哥音樂的舞蹈和在噴泉中降溫。

But in Los Angeles, which has seen a week of demonstrations, car-burnings and episodic violence, a large crowd gathered downtown, spreading over several city blocks. As the evening wore on and an 8 p.m. curfew approached, tensions rose, with the police using chemical irritants in an attempt to disperse some protesters from a complex of federal buildings and officers on horseback charging toward groups of others and swinging their batons to break them up.

但在洛杉磯，經(jīng)歷了為期一周的示威、汽車焚燒和間歇性暴力后，大量人群聚集在市中心，遍布幾個(gè)街區(qū)。隨著夜幕降臨，晚上8點(diǎn)的宵禁即將來臨，緊張局勢(shì)加劇，警察使用化學(xué)刺激物試圖驅(qū)散一些抗議者離開聯(lián)邦建筑群，騎警向其他人群沖鋒并揮舞警棍以驅(qū)散他們。

Back in Washington, the organizers of the America250 events, for which this is the first big production, sold a “dedicated V.I.P. experience” to large donors, and red MAGA hats to the president’s supporters. It is also Mr. Trump’s 79th birthday, though he has insisted the celebration is about the army, not him. Organizers expected veterans of the Korea and Vietnam conflicts to turn out along with those who fought in Afghanistan and Iraq, two wars that Mr. Trump — and many Democrats — have declared were wastes of lives and money.

回到華盛頓，America250活動(dòng)的組織者——這是首次大型活動(dòng)——向大額捐助者出售“專用VIP體驗(yàn)”，并向總統(tǒng)的支持者出售紅色MAGA帽。這也是特朗普的79歲生日，盡管他堅(jiān)稱慶?；顒?dòng)是關(guān)于軍隊(duì)，而不是他。組織者預(yù)計(jì)朝鮮和越南戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的退伍軍人，以及在阿富汗和伊拉克作戰(zhàn)的退伍軍人——特朗普和許多民主黨人宣稱這兩場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是生命和金錢的浪費(fèi)——會(huì)到場(chǎng)。

Mr. Trump has defended the spending of as much as $45 million — including the cost of repairing Washington’s streets from the damage expected from rolling 60-ton tanks down Constitution Avenue — as a small price to pay to stoke national pride and to remind the world of America’s hard power. He told an interviewer on NBC last month that the price tag was “peanuts compared to the value of doing it.”

特朗普為高達(dá)4500萬美元的支出辯護(hù)——包括修復(fù)華盛頓街道因60噸坦克沿憲法大道滾動(dòng)造成的損壞的費(fèi)用——認(rèn)為這是激發(fā)國家自豪感和提醒世界美國硬實(shí)力的小代價(jià)。他上個(gè)月在接受NBC采訪時(shí)表示，與其價(jià)值相比，這筆費(fèi)用是“微不足道的”。

Every minute was broadcast on Fox News and other conservative networks and streaming services, while the legacy cable networks kept to their ordinary programming. One Fox broadcaster declared the parade showed that “America means business,” and another argued that the show of force rolling alongside the Mall would provide “succor to our allies” and “strike a little bit of fear and a little bit of deterrence” into American enemies.

每一分鐘都在?？怂剐侣労推渌Ｊ嘏删W(wǎng)絡(luò)及流媒體服務(wù)上播出，而傳統(tǒng)有線電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)則繼續(xù)播放常規(guī)節(jié)目。一位?？怂怪鞑バQ閱兵式表明“美國是認(rèn)真的”，另一位則認(rèn)為沿國家廣場(chǎng)滾動(dòng)的力量展示將“為我們的盟友提供安慰”，并對(duì)美國敵人“帶來一絲恐懼和一絲威懾”。

But in the run-up to the parade, Mr. Trump’s critics argued that such a display could do just the opposite, making the country look as if it were yearning for past glories while ignoring the risks of treating allies as if they are a burden.

但在閱兵式籌備期間，特朗普的批評(píng)者認(rèn)為，這種展示可能適得其反，使國家看起來像是渴望過去的輝煌，而忽視將盟友視為負(fù)擔(dān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

Mr. Trump’s political advisers bet that half the country or more would enjoy watching the display of Army history, from the World War I tanks to the twin-prop B-25 Mitchells that swept over neighborhoods in northwest Washington on their way to the flyover, as much as Mr. Trump’s ever-evolving definition of what “America First” means to his presidency. Parades are pure showmanship, and Mr. Trump is the master showman.

特朗普的政治顧問們押注，至少一半以上的國民會(huì)喜歡觀看從第一次世界大戰(zhàn)坦克到雙螺旋槳B-25米切爾轟炸機(jī)飛越華盛頓西北部社區(qū)的軍隊(duì)歷史展示，就像特朗普對(duì)“美國優(yōu)先”在其總統(tǒng)任期中不斷演變的定義一樣。閱兵式純粹是表演，而特朗普是表演大師。

Yet a military parade is also an unvarnished celebration of America’s hard power, even if this one was dominated by huge equipment, like the M-1 Abrams tank, that seems antiquated in an age of drones and cyberweapons. (Of the 31 Abrams tanks given to Ukraine over the past two years, only a handful remain operational; most were taken out by the Russians or sidelined by breakdowns.)

然而，軍事閱兵也是對(duì)美國硬實(shí)力的毫不掩飾的慶祝，即使這場(chǎng)閱兵以M-1艾布拉姆斯坦克等大型裝備為主，這些裝備在無人機(jī)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)武器的時(shí)代顯得過時(shí)。（過去兩年給烏克蘭的31輛艾布拉姆斯坦克中，只有少數(shù)仍在運(yùn)行；大多數(shù)被俄羅斯摧毀或因故障停用。）

And it comes at a moment the administration has been ridiculing as wasteful such efforts as providing global aid, battling H.I.V. or backing basic research at universities that Mr. Trump has gone to war against. The parade’s estimated cost will amount to about a fifth of the annual budget of the Voice of America, which had millions of listeners around the world until Mr. Trump took it off the air this spring.

這場(chǎng)閱兵正值政府嘲笑全球援助、防治艾滋病或支持特朗普與之對(duì)抗的大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)研究等努力為浪費(fèi)之時(shí)。閱兵的預(yù)計(jì)成本約為美國之音年度預(yù)算的五分之一，美國之音在全球擁有數(shù)百萬聽眾，直到特朗普今年春天將其停播。

The protests, which organizers deliberately kept outside Washington to avoid focusing more attention on the military celebration, had been planned for many weeks, as opposition to the administration’s efforts to dismiss expert opinion, oust the “deep state” and silence critics has mounted.

抗議活動(dòng)由組織者故意安排在華盛頓以外，以避免將更多注意力集中在軍事慶典上，這些活動(dòng)已計(jì)劃數(shù)周，因?yàn)閷?duì)政府忽視專家意見、驅(qū)逐“深層政府”和壓制批評(píng)者的努力的反對(duì)日益增加。

Mr. Trump’s decision to move 4,000 National Guard troops and 700 Marines into Los Angeles asserted a role for the military at home, which was exactly what had given the Continental Congress pause about creating a colonial army at all. That same concern, 250 years later, was expected to give the weekend protests mass and weight. They were further fueled by Mr. Trump’s speech at Fort Bragg in North Carolina last week, when he lumped in peaceful protesters with “troublemakers, agitators, insurrectionists,” and later said anyone protesting in Washington would be met with “very big force.”

特朗普決定將4000名國民警衛(wèi)隊(duì)成員和700名海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)員調(diào)往洛杉磯，主張軍隊(duì)在國內(nèi)的角色，這正是大陸會(huì)議當(dāng)初對(duì)建立殖民軍隊(duì)猶豫的原因。250年后，同樣的擔(dān)憂預(yù)計(jì)將為周末的抗議賦予規(guī)模和分量?？棺h活動(dòng)進(jìn)一步受到特朗普上周在北卡羅來納州布拉格堡演講的激化，他將和平抗議者與“麻煩制造者、煽動(dòng)者和叛亂分子”混為一談，并隨后表示，任何人在華盛頓抗議都將面臨“非常大的力量”。