國外熱議：中國、俄羅斯、日本、韓國、朝鮮，哪個(gè)國家的海軍最強(qiáng)（不包括潛艇）？

Eric Wicklund I’m going to say, China’s PLAN, by a narrow margin over Japan. This won’t be a popular assessment, I realize, but China’s naval building program is…prolific.

我要說，中國海軍（PLAN），以微弱優(yōu)勢(shì)領(lǐng)先于日本。我知道這個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)可能不太受歡迎，但中國的海軍造艦計(jì)劃……規(guī)模龐大。

China has more destroyers and frigates than Japan. China’s aircraft carriers are…cute, but they haven’t got enough experience with them, nor enough experienced carrier pilots to get full advantage of them, and the Type 003 is still working up. I’d take Japan’s carriers with F-35B stealth aircraft any day.

中國擁有比日本更多的驅(qū)逐艦和護(hù)衛(wèi)艦。中國的航空母艦……雖然挺萌，但他們操作航母的經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足，也沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)足夠豐富的艦載機(jī)飛行員來充分發(fā)揮其優(yōu)勢(shì)，而且003型航母仍在進(jìn)行測(cè)試磨合。相比之下，我任何時(shí)候都會(huì)選擇日本搭載F-35B隱形戰(zhàn)機(jī)的航母。

Japan’s Izumo class will soon support F-35Bs.

日本的出云級(jí)（航母）很快將支持F-35B戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)。

Just looking at hull numbers, it should be China at the top by a mile (don’t be fooled by the very high number of Chinese auxiliaries and China’s ship count), but Japan’s technological expertise exceeds China’s. So Japan may have fewer surface combatants, but they’ll get greater results from what they have.

僅僅看艦艇數(shù)量，中國應(yīng)該遙遙領(lǐng)先（不要被中國龐大的輔助艦艇數(shù)量和總艦艇數(shù)所迷惑），但日本的技術(shù)專長超過了中國。因此，日本的水面作戰(zhàn)艦艇可能更少，但他們會(huì)從現(xiàn)有裝備中取得更大的戰(zhàn)果。

Another consideration is China’s new Type 055 destroyer. It looks impressive on paper, and is a step up from the Type 52. This is an advance into producing a blue-water navy that until now, China hasn’t had.

另一個(gè)考慮因素是中國的新型055型驅(qū)逐艦。它在紙面數(shù)據(jù)上看起來令人印象深刻，是052型（驅(qū)逐艦）的升級(jí)版。這是中國向打造一支藍(lán)水海軍邁進(jìn)的一步，而在此之前，中國并不具備這樣的能力。

Chinese Type 055

中國055型驅(qū)逐艦

The Type 055 puts China in the big leagues, though not yet squarely in the ranks with the Arleigh-Burke class nor Japan’s Maya class destroyers, but it’s getting there.

055型（驅(qū)逐艦）讓中國躋身于頂尖行列，雖然尚未完全達(dá)到美國阿利·伯克級(jí)（Arleigh-Burke）或日本摩耶級(jí)（Maya）驅(qū)逐艦的水平，但它正在接近。

Russia runs third on the list. Though, Japan’s navy would run roughshod over the 3rd place contender.

俄羅斯排在第三位。不過，日本海軍能輕松碾壓第三名的競爭者。

South Korea is in 4th in my estimation, but only because of low numbers. Their Sejong the Great-class destroyers are frankly, impressive, and are a good match for anything in China’s inventory.

在我看來，韓國排在第四位，但這僅僅是因?yàn)閿?shù)量少。他們的世宗大王級(jí)驅(qū)逐艦坦率地說令人印象深刻，足以與中國海軍現(xiàn)役的任何艦艇匹敵。

Sejong the Great-class

世宗大王級(jí)驅(qū)逐艦

In last place is North Korea. Not much to say about it. Unimpressive.

墊底的是朝鮮。沒什么好說的。乏善可陳。

Francis Smith The answer is quite simple.

答案很簡單。

Japan has the world’s second most powerful navy, second only to the US being.

日本擁有世界第二強(qiáng)大的海軍，僅次于美國。

Be grateful that Japan has taken on this role - your future may depend on it.

應(yīng)當(dāng)感激日本承擔(dān)了這一角色——你們的未來或許正系于此。

Edit #1: The summer 2024 RIMPAC naval exercise demonstrated the US Navy’s most recent candidate aircraft carrier (or large ship) killer - a 2000 lb JDAM - "Joint Direct Attack Munition".

注 #1：2024年夏季的環(huán)太平洋海軍演習(xí)（RIMPAC）展示了美國海軍最新的候選航母（或大型艦船）殺手——一枚2000磅的JDAM（“聯(lián)合直接攻擊彈藥”）。

Using a B2 stealth bomber, they show-cased using a single JDAM to sink a target aircraft carrier, the USS Tarawa (LHA-1).

他們使用一架B2隱形轟炸機(jī)，展示了僅用一枚JDAM就擊沉了目標(biāo)航母——美國“塔拉瓦”號(hào)兩棲攻擊艦（LHA-1）。

Additional similar but smaller weapons are presented, for sinking large ships but using smaller aircraft.

還展示了其他類似但更小的武器，用于擊沉大型艦船，但可以由更小型的飛機(jī)攜帶。

Edit #2: The usual pundits would have you believe that the Chinese navy is somehow more dangerous. But the fact remains that, in order for the Chinese navy to defend China, they must seize operational control of the Indian Ocean, through which their essential supplies of energy and food-related stuff must be shipped. They simply cannot effectively project naval power anything like what that mission requires.

注 #2：那些常見的專家會(huì)讓你相信中國海軍在某種程度上更危險(xiǎn)。但事實(shí)是，中國海軍要保衛(wèi)中國，就必須奪取印度洋的作戰(zhàn)控制權(quán)，因?yàn)槠浔匦璧哪茉春褪称返任镔Y必須經(jīng)由印度洋運(yùn)輸。他們根本無法像該任務(wù)要求的那樣有效地投射海軍力量。

At this moment China ponders building up military/naval strength to seize Taiwan (maybe 130 Km). That capability remains a stretch for China. Anywheres west of Malaysia are simply fantasies.

此刻中國正考慮增強(qiáng)軍事/海軍力量以奪取臺(tái)灣（地區(qū)）（可能距離130公里）。這種能力對(duì)中國來說仍然很勉強(qiáng)。至于馬來西亞以西的任何地方，那純粹是幻想。

Look at a map:

看看地圖：

Michael Priv North Korea and Russia are out of the running even with the submarines included. Their equipment is old, rusty clunkers, crews are incompetent, undersupplied, mismanaged and lacking in every way. I think it is clear at this point that they eat at the kids’ table.

即使算上潛艇，朝鮮和俄羅斯也出局了。他們的裝備是老舊、銹跡斑斑的破銅爛鐵，船員能力不足、補(bǔ)給匱乏、管理不善，各方面都欠缺。我認(rèn)為目前很清楚，他們實(shí)力不濟(jì)（字面：在小孩那桌吃飯）。

Among the rest of the countries on the list, Chinese Navy dwarfs Japanese and South Korean Navies:

在名單上的其余國家中，中國海軍在規(guī)模上遠(yuǎn)超日本和韓國海軍：

South Korean Navy is 70,000 active duty personnel including 29,000 marines (2022); ~150 ships and 70 aircraft.

韓國海軍現(xiàn)役人員70,000人，包括29,000名海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)員（2022年）；約150艘艦艇和70架飛機(jī)。

Japanese Navy is 50,800 personnel; 150+ ships; 346 aircraft

日本海軍人員50,800人；150多艘艦艇；346架飛機(jī)。

Chinese Navy is 240,000 personnel, including 15,000 marines and 26,000 naval air force personnel, 370 ships, 712 aircraft.

中國海軍人員240,000人，包括15,000名海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)員和26,000名海軍航空兵人員，370艘艦艇，712架飛機(jī)。

Considering that Australian Navy is small with only 43 ships and New Zealand only has 9 ships, China is the most powerful naval nation in that region. That means that any conflict with China in that part of the world could only be resolved with significant help from the United States.

考慮到澳大利亞海軍規(guī)模小，只有43艘艦艇，新西蘭只有9艘艦艇，中國是該地區(qū)最強(qiáng)大的海軍國家。這意味著在世界那個(gè)地區(qū)與中國發(fā)生的任何沖突，都只能在美國的大力幫助下才能解決。

Yausi Tamn I don't have a full information about them as a layman I can only guess , I don't think in today's world one can surely consider a navy strong just because of its size , I think one well equipped vessel can out do a entire fleet of those who are backwards from inside , ships are slow so the chances of hitting them should be high what's makes the differences should be what devices they possess and that's not a huge size

作為一個(gè)外行，我沒有關(guān)于他們的全部信息，只能猜測(cè)。我認(rèn)為在當(dāng)今世界，不能僅憑規(guī)模就斷定一支海軍強(qiáng)大。我認(rèn)為一艘裝備精良的艦艇可以勝過一整支技術(shù)落后的艦隊(duì)。艦船速度慢，所以擊中它們的機(jī)會(huì)應(yīng)該很高。真正起決定性作用的應(yīng)該是它們擁有什么設(shè)備，而這（指設(shè)備優(yōu)勢(shì)）并不需要巨大的（艦船）尺寸。

Eric C Ruybal Out of those, Japan has the strongest Navy.

在（討論的）這些國家中，日本擁有最強(qiáng)大的海軍。

Simply said, Japan has a forward deployed U.S. carrier battle group in port in Japan!? That will fight and defend Japan if it is ever attacked!

簡單地說，日本在日本港口部署著一支美國航母戰(zhàn)斗群！？如果日本遭到攻擊，它將為日本而戰(zhàn)并保衛(wèi)日本！

The Japanese also have quite advanced naval ships of their own and are actively building that force up.

日本人自己也擁有相當(dāng)先進(jìn)的海軍艦艇，并且正在積極擴(kuò)充這支力量。

The Japanese are no slouches on their own and have the most advanced fighters, supplied by the U.S. out of those questioned about.

日本人自身實(shí)力不俗，并且擁有（討論對(duì)象中）最先進(jìn)的戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)，這些戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)由美國提供。

Dave Da Wiz China, by a wide margin. Currently, they already outnumber the U.S. in terms of numbers. And China will continue building, first with a brown water fleet that will stay within its borders, which already outnumbers the U.S., Japan, South Korea and Russia. Next they will soon start building up a blue water fleet with nuclear engines that can take them far from its coasts for global actions. Not only does China have a much larger fleet, they’re also more technologically advanced with the latest weapon systems.

中國，優(yōu)勢(shì)巨大。目前，他們?cè)跀?shù)量上已經(jīng)超過了美國。而且中國將繼續(xù)建造，首先是建造一支將在其邊界內(nèi)活動(dòng)的黃水艦隊(duì)（近海艦隊(duì)），其規(guī)模已經(jīng)超過了美國、日本、韓國和俄羅斯。接下來，他們很快將開始建造配備核動(dòng)力、能夠遠(yuǎn)離其海岸進(jìn)行全球行動(dòng)的藍(lán)水艦隊(duì)（遠(yuǎn)洋艦隊(duì)）。中國不僅擁有規(guī)模大得多的艦隊(duì)，他們還擁有更先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和最新的武器系統(tǒng)。

Craig Raw Ranking the Strongest Navy (Excluding Submarines) Among China, Russia, Japan, South Korea, and North Korea

中國、俄羅斯、日本、韓國和朝鮮海軍實(shí)力排名（不含潛艇）

If we exclude submarines and focus on surface fleets (aircraft carriers, destroyers, frigates, and other warships), the ranking would be:

如果我們排除潛艇，只關(guān)注水面艦隊(duì)（航空母艦、驅(qū)逐艦、護(hù)衛(wèi)艦和其他戰(zhàn)艦），排名將是：

China (People’s Liberation Army Navy - PLAN)

中國（中國人民解放軍海軍 - PLAN）

Strongest Surface Fleet

最強(qiáng)的水面艦隊(duì)

Fleet Size: 370+ combat ships (largest in the world by total numbers).

艦隊(duì)規(guī)模：370多艘作戰(zhàn)艦艇（按總數(shù)量計(jì)算世界最大）。

Aircraft Carriers: 3 (Liaoning, Shandong, Fujian, with a 4th in development).

航空母艦：3艘（遼寧艦、山東艦、福建艦，第4艘在建中）。

Destroyers & Frigates: 50+ modern destroyers (Type 052D, Type 055) and many frigates.

驅(qū)逐艦和護(hù)衛(wèi)艦：50多艘現(xiàn)代化驅(qū)逐艦（052D型、055型）以及眾多護(hù)衛(wèi)艦。

Amphibious Assault Ships: Type 075 LHDs, designed for potential Taiwan operations.

兩棲攻擊艦：075型兩棲攻擊艦（LHD），設(shè)計(jì)用于潛在的臺(tái)灣（地區(qū)）行動(dòng)。

Missile Capabilities: Advanced anti-ship and air-defense missiles (YJ-18, HHQ-9).

導(dǎo)彈能力：先進(jìn)的反艦和防空導(dǎo)彈（YJ-18, HHQ-9）。

Weaknesses: Still lacks combat experience and global power projection compared to the U.S.

弱點(diǎn)：與美國相比，仍然缺乏實(shí)戰(zhàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和全球力量投送能力。

Japan (Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force - JMSDF)

2. 日本（日本海上自衛(wèi)隊(duì) - JMSDF）

Most Advanced Technology & Training

最先進(jìn)的技術(shù)與訓(xùn)練

Fleet Size: 150+ warships (smaller than China but highly advanced).

艦隊(duì)規(guī)模：150多艘戰(zhàn)艦（規(guī)模小于中國但高度先進(jìn)）。

Aircraft Carriers: Technically 0, but operates 2 Izumo-class "helicopter destroyers" being converted to F-35B carriers.

航空母艦：技術(shù)上為0艘，但操作著2艘正被改裝為F-35B航母的出云級(jí)“直升機(jī)驅(qū)逐艦”。

Destroyers & Frigates: 8 Aegis-equipped destroyers (Kongo, Atago, Maya-class), highly capable against air and missile threats.

驅(qū)逐艦和護(hù)衛(wèi)艦：8艘裝備宙斯盾系統(tǒng)的驅(qū)逐艦（金剛級(jí)、愛宕級(jí)、摩耶級(jí)），對(duì)空和導(dǎo)彈威脅具有極強(qiáng)防御能力。

Amphibious Forces: Large and capable for island defense.

兩棲力量：規(guī)模大且能力突出，用于島嶼防御。

Weaknesses: Lacks nuclear-powered ships and is constitutionally restricted in offensive operations.

弱點(diǎn)：缺乏核動(dòng)力艦艇，且受憲法限制不能進(jìn)行進(jìn)攻性作戰(zhàn)。

South Korea (Republic of Korea Navy - ROKN)

3. 韓國（大韓民國海軍 - ROKN）

Fastest Growing Navy in Asia

亞洲發(fā)展最快的海軍

Fleet Size: 160+ warships, but high quality.

艦隊(duì)規(guī)模：160多艘戰(zhàn)艦，但質(zhì)量很高。

Aircraft Carriers: None yet, but developing a light aircraft carrier (CVX project) for F-35B operations.

航空母艦：目前沒有，但正在研發(fā)用于F-35B作戰(zhàn)的輕型航空母艦（CVX項(xiàng)目）。

Destroyers & Frigates: Advanced Sejong the Great-class destroyers (Aegis-equipped, equivalent to U.S. Arleigh Burkes).

驅(qū)逐艦和護(hù)衛(wèi)艦：先進(jìn)的世宗大王級(jí)驅(qū)逐艦（裝備宙斯盾系統(tǒng)，相當(dāng)于美國阿利·伯克級(jí)）。

Amphibious Assault Ships: Dokdo-class LHDs, capable of carrying helicopters and marines.

兩棲攻擊艦：獨(dú)島級(jí)兩棲攻擊艦（LHD），能夠搭載直升機(jī)和海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)。

Weaknesses: Still smaller in numbers compared to China and Japan.

弱點(diǎn)：與中國和日本相比，數(shù)量仍然較少。

Russia (Russian Navy)

4. 俄羅斯（俄羅斯海軍）

Aging but Still a Threat

老驥伏櫪，猶存鋒芒

Fleet Size: Around 250 ships, but many are old Soviet-era vessels.

艦隊(duì)規(guī)模：約250艘艦艇，但許多是蘇聯(lián)時(shí)代的老舊艦船。

Aircraft Carriers: 1 (Admiral Kuznetsov, but in constant maintenance and barely operational).

航空母艦：1艘（庫茲涅佐夫海軍上將號(hào)，但處于持續(xù)維護(hù)中，幾乎無法作戰(zhàn)）。

Destroyers & Frigates: Some Sovremenny-class destroyers, modern Gorshkov-class frigates, but lacks large-scale production.

驅(qū)逐艦和護(hù)衛(wèi)艦：一些現(xiàn)代級(jí)驅(qū)逐艦，現(xiàn)代化的戈?duì)柺部品蚣?jí)護(hù)衛(wèi)艦，但缺乏大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)能力。

Amphibious Assault Ships: Limited, and lacks true global expeditionary capabilities.

兩棲攻擊艦：數(shù)量有限，缺乏真正的全球遠(yuǎn)征能力。

Missile Capabilities: Strong in hypersonic and long-range missiles (Tsirkon, Kalibr).

導(dǎo)彈能力：在高超音速和遠(yuǎn)程導(dǎo)彈（鋯石、口徑）方面實(shí)力強(qiáng)勁。

Weaknesses: Many old, unreliable ships; financial and logistical struggles limit modernization.

弱點(diǎn)：許多老舊、不可靠的艦船；財(cái)政和后勤困難限制了現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程。

North Korea (Korean People's Navy - KPN)

5. 朝鮮（朝鮮人民軍海軍 - KPN）

Largest but Least Effective

規(guī)模最大但效能最低

Fleet Size: 430+ ships, mostly small patrol boats, missile boats, and outdated frigates.

艦隊(duì)規(guī)模：430多艘艦艇，主要是小型巡邏艇、導(dǎo)彈艇和過時(shí)的護(hù)衛(wèi)艦。

Aircraft Carriers: None.

航空母艦：無。

Destroyers & Frigates: A few, but mostly old and weak against modern navies.

驅(qū)逐艦和護(hù)衛(wèi)艦：有幾艘，但大多是老舊且難以對(duì)抗現(xiàn)代海軍的。

Missile Capabilities: Relies on land-based missiles rather than naval power.

導(dǎo)彈能力：依賴陸基導(dǎo)彈而非海軍力量。

Weaknesses: Almost no blue-water capability, outdated fleet, and poor logistics.

弱點(diǎn)：幾乎沒有藍(lán)水（遠(yuǎn)洋）作戰(zhàn)能力，艦隊(duì)過時(shí)，后勤保障差。

Final Ranking (Excluding Submarines)

最終排名（不含潛艇）

1?? China – Largest and strongest, but still lacks combat experience. 2?? Japan – Most advanced fleet with top-tier training and weapons. 3?? South Korea – Rapidly modernizing, with top-tier destroyers. 4?? Russia – Aging but still a threat, especially in missile technology. 5?? North Korea – Large in numbers but outdated and ineffective.

1?? 中國——規(guī)模最大、實(shí)力最強(qiáng)，但實(shí)戰(zhàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)仍顯不足。 2?? 日本——擁有最先進(jìn)的艦隊(duì)，配備頂尖訓(xùn)練和武器裝備。 3?? 韓國——現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程迅猛，列裝頂級(jí)驅(qū)逐艦。 4?? 俄羅斯——雖顯老態(tài)卻不容小覷，導(dǎo)彈技術(shù)尤具威脅。 5?? 朝鮮——數(shù)量龐大卻裝備陳舊，實(shí)戰(zhàn)效能低下。

Who Would Win in a Naval War?

若爆發(fā)海戰(zhàn)，孰能勝出？

China would dominate in numbers and firepower. Japan and South Korea have high-tech, well-trained fleets that could hold their own. Russia struggles with maintenance and outdated ships. North Korea’s navy is almost irrelevant in modern warfare.

中國將在數(shù)量與火力上占據(jù)壓倒性優(yōu)勢(shì)； 日韓憑借高科技艦隊(duì)與精銳訓(xùn)練可堪一戰(zhàn)； 俄羅斯受困于艦艇老化與維護(hù)難題； 朝鮮海軍在現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭中幾無存在價(jià)值。