QA回答：印度有沒有可能在某個(gè)行業(yè)超越中國(guó)？如果有的話，會(huì)是哪些領(lǐng)域？

Miss Stripewell
Well, China is way ahead of India in lot of categories but if you are looking for that one success story where the Indian companies did better than the Chinese, it would be penetrating the motorcycles market in Africa.
嗯，中國(guó)在很多領(lǐng)域都遙遙領(lǐng)先于印度，但如果你要找印度公司比中國(guó)公司做得更成功的一個(gè)案例，那就是打入非洲摩托車市場(chǎng)。

Chinese motorcycles used to dominate the African market few decades ago and they were producing and selling cheap motorcycles suitable for the East, West and Central African market. But the Chinese companies just saw the African market as just a cheap segment market to make quick money on and while they sold motorcycles, they didn’t have a parts and services unit to go with it.
幾十年前，中國(guó)摩托車曾主導(dǎo)非洲市場(chǎng)，他們生產(chǎn)和銷售適合東非、西非和中非市場(chǎng)的廉價(jià)摩托車。但中國(guó)公司僅僅把非洲市場(chǎng)視為一個(gè)賺快錢的廉價(jià)細(xì)分市場(chǎng)，他們?cè)阡N售摩托車的同時(shí)，并沒有配套的零部件和服務(wù)部門。

So if your Chinese motorcycle broke down, you went to the bush mechanics who kept fixing the motorcycles with salvaged parts until your motorcycle completely failed to the point of expensive to fix and cheaper to buy a new one.
所以，如果你的中國(guó)摩托車壞了，你就得去找叢林修車工（bush mechanics），他們用回收的零件不斷修理，直到你的摩托車徹底報(bào)廢，修起來(lái)太貴，不如買輛新的更劃算。

An Indian motorcycle company, TVS, changed that and they had a better strategy to capture the African market and drive the Chinese companies out. They not only sold motorcycles but also established parts centres and availability of parts as well as train local people to service their bikes and establish service centres all along with their dealerships.
一家名為 TVS 的印度摩托車公司改變了這種情況，他們采取了更好的戰(zhàn)略來(lái)占領(lǐng)非洲市場(chǎng)并驅(qū)逐中國(guó)公司。他們不僅銷售摩托車，還建立了零部件中心、確保零件供應(yīng)，同時(shí)培訓(xùn)當(dāng)?shù)厝司S修他們的摩托車，并沿著他們的經(jīng)銷商網(wǎng)絡(luò)建立了服務(wù)中心。

The African market loved it and they were not only selling cheap bikes suited for that market but also had a footprint for service and parts and this made them extremely popular and better value for the money. Another Indian brand, Bajaj, folllowed suit and adopted the same strategy.
非洲市場(chǎng)對(duì)此非常歡迎。他們不僅銷售適合該市場(chǎng)的廉價(jià)摩托車，還建立了服務(wù)和零部件的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這使他們極受歡迎，性價(jià)比更高。另一個(gè)印度品牌 Bajaj 也效仿并采用了相同的策略。

Within a decade, the Chinese motorcycle companies were on the way out and people in West and East Africa started loving their TVS and Bajaj motorcycles.
十年之內(nèi)，中國(guó)摩托車公司就被淘汰出局，西非和東非的人們開始喜愛他們的 TVS 和 Bajaj 摩托車。

TVS motorcycles is an extremely popular brand in East Africa and you would see a majority of the bikes on the road including the ones which are used as moto- taxis are TVS. Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania et al are proliferated with TVS motorcycles and Bajaj is also another Indian brand you will see in Africa.
TVS 摩托車在東非是一個(gè)極其受歡迎的品牌，你在路上看到的大多數(shù)摩托車，包括用作摩托出租車的，都是 TVS。烏干達(dá)、盧旺達(dá)、坦桑尼亞等地遍布 TVS 摩托車，Bajaj 是你在非洲會(huì)看到的另一個(gè)印度品牌。

They have managed to drive out the Chinese competitors with an integrated strategy of sales, parts and service giving the customers confidence to buy them because they have the whole infrastructure and they are here to stay unlike the Chinese competitors who just sold the bikes and didn’t offer parts and service network.
他們通過銷售、零部件和服務(wù)的綜合戰(zhàn)略，成功驅(qū)逐了中國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，讓顧客有信心購(gòu)買他們的產(chǎn)品，因?yàn)樗麄儞碛型暾呐涮谆A(chǔ)設(shè)施，并且是打算長(zhǎng)期扎根于此的。不像那些只賣車、不提供零部件和服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的中國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。

Both these brands are also having reasonable success in Central and South America now.
如今，這兩個(gè)品牌在中美洲和南美洲也取得了相當(dāng)?shù)某晒Α?br />
Yamaha and Honda and Suzuki are too expensive for the African market and only a few can afford them but the Indian TVS and Bajaj motorcycles are cheap and fits the majority of the African market and they also instilled confidence in the African customers to buy their brand because they offer the total experience and not just sell the bikes and not worry about anything else.
雅馬哈、本田和鈴木對(duì)于非洲市場(chǎng)來(lái)說太貴了，只有少數(shù)人買得起。但印度的 TVS 和 Bajaj 摩托車價(jià)格低廉，適合非洲市場(chǎng)的大多數(shù)人。他們還讓非洲顧客對(duì)他們的品牌建立了信心，因?yàn)樗麄兲峁┑氖峭暾捏w驗(yàn)，而不僅僅是賣車，然后就撒手不管了。

The Japanese brands are still popular in South America but they are expensive for the common customer and the Indian motorcycle brands seem to fill that gap in the lower priced segment of the market.
日本品牌在南美仍然受歡迎，但對(duì)于普通消費(fèi)者來(lái)說價(jià)格昂貴。印度摩托車品牌似乎填補(bǔ)了低價(jià)位市場(chǎng)的這個(gè)空白。

But in Africa. the Indian motorcycle companies TVS and Bajaj are success stories and they have replaced the Chinese motorcycle companies as trustworthy brands for the locals.
但在非洲，印度摩托車公司 TVS 和 Bajaj 是成功的故事，它們已經(jīng)取代了中國(guó)摩托車公司，成為當(dāng)?shù)厝诵刨嚨钠放啤?br />





Even Richard Hammond rode a TVS motorcycle in Mozambique for one of the episodes of “ The Grand Tour”.
甚至理查德·哈蒙德（Richard Hammond）在莫桑比克拍攝《偉大的旅程》（The Grand Tour）其中一集時(shí)，也騎了一輛 TVS 摩托車。


Ravi
Alimony Latest Billion-Dollar Startup.
離婚贍養(yǎng)費(fèi)：最新的十億美元級(jí)“初創(chuàng)產(chǎn)業(yè)”。

In China, they promote the "who pays, owns" principle fair enough, right? You buy the house, and it stays yours.
在中國(guó)，他們推崇“誰(shuí)付款誰(shuí)擁有”的原則，很公平，對(duì)吧？你買的房子，就歸你所有。

But welcome to India, where it's not about who pays, it's about who owns after divorce and it's mostly the wife. Forget the receipts, forget the EMI payments even if your parents gifted you that home, post-divorce, your wife can claim a share, and chances are high she will get that too.
但歡迎來(lái)到印度，這里不看誰(shuí)付的錢，只看離婚后房子歸誰(shuí)——而且多半是歸妻子。忘掉收據(jù)吧，忘掉月供吧，即使那房子是你父母贈(zèng)與你的，離婚后，你的妻子也可以要求分得一份，而且她很有可能如愿以償。

So in simple words.
所以簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說：

China’s model? Contribution-based.
India’s model? Emotion-based.
China says: “If you paid for it, you keep it.”
India says: “It doesn’t matter who paid the wife deserves it!”
中國(guó)模式？基于貢獻(xiàn)。
印度模式？基于情感。
中國(guó)說：“誰(shuí)付錢，東西歸誰(shuí)。”
印度說：“誰(shuí)付的錢不重要，妻子都理所應(yīng)得！”

When it comes to the world’s fastest-growing startup called "Alimony & Asset Transfer“ isn’t India far better than China?
當(dāng)談到名為“離婚贍養(yǎng)費(fèi)與資產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移”這個(gè)全球增長(zhǎng)最快的“初創(chuàng)產(chǎn)業(yè)”時(shí)，印度難道不比中國(guó)強(qiáng)得多嗎？


Zhu Leon
There are definitely some industries where India outperforms China.
肯定有一些行業(yè)印度是優(yōu)于中國(guó)的。

For instance, during my time supplying parts to Chinese tractor manufacturers, I learned from our customers that India produces significantly more tractors than China. In 2022, India produced around 900,000 tractors, accounting for approximately one-third of the global production, while China produced about 600,000. India and China ranked first and second, respectively, in this industry.
例如，在我為中國(guó)拖拉機(jī)制造商供應(yīng)零部件期間，我從客戶那里了解到，印度的拖拉機(jī)產(chǎn)量遠(yuǎn)高于中國(guó)。2022年，印度生產(chǎn)了約90萬(wàn)臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)，約占全球產(chǎn)量的三分之一，而中國(guó)生產(chǎn)了約60萬(wàn)臺(tái)。在這個(gè)行業(yè)，印度和中國(guó)分別排名第一和第二。

I was also surprised to discover that Mahindra Tractors, the largest tractor manufacturer in the world, also has factories in China.
我還驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，世界上最大的拖拉機(jī)制造商 Mahindra Tractors 在中國(guó)也設(shè)有工廠。


I found it fascinating to learn that Indians are building mobile cranes mounted on tractors. This unique innovation is currently only available in India.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)印度人正在制造安裝在拖拉機(jī)上的移動(dòng)起重機(jī)，這非常有趣。這種獨(dú)特的創(chuàng)新目前只在印度才有。


Sankit Chaursiya
India can become like China if all indian support make in India product. one country can grow when country people focus on their productvity . if India want become like China one thing should avoid made in China, America , Bangladesh and other country product.
如果所有印度人都支持印度制造的產(chǎn)品，印度就能變得像中國(guó)一樣。當(dāng)一個(gè)國(guó)家的人民專注于提高生產(chǎn)力時(shí)，這個(gè)國(guó)家就能發(fā)展。如果印度想變得像中國(guó)一樣，有一件事應(yīng)該避免：避免購(gòu)買中國(guó)、美國(guó)、孟加拉國(guó)和其他國(guó)家制造的產(chǎn)品。

Indian people make own industries of daily using product and which thing import from other countries. Indian should start huge quantity export for other countries .
印度人民應(yīng)該建立自己生產(chǎn)日常用品的產(chǎn)業(yè)，并減少?gòu)钠渌麌?guó)家進(jìn)口這些產(chǎn)品。印度人應(yīng)該開始向其他國(guó)家大規(guī)模出口。

Indian should focus on inventions and new idea make industries and generates job for own people , and make tourism place for other countries people.
印度人應(yīng)該專注于發(fā)明和新創(chuàng)意，建立產(chǎn)業(yè)，為本國(guó)人民創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，并為其他國(guó)家的人民打造旅游目的地。

if Indians leave issues of cast , religion and rich or poor talk. But Indian don’t want these things they want only depends on Goverment , Goverment do that thing for Indians.
如果印度人放下種姓、宗教以及貧富話題的爭(zhēng)論就好了。但印度人并不想要這些（改變），他們只想依賴政府，讓政府為印度人做這些事情。


Dr. Vijesh Jain
I was born and brought up in India. I have been a freelance professor of international trade and have the privilege to know little about this subject.
我在印度出生長(zhǎng)大。我一直是國(guó)際貿(mào)易的自由職業(yè)教授，并有幸對(duì)此學(xué)科略知一二。

What I understand that international trade is built on the principle of comparative and absolute advantages especially when we talk of manufacturing and industries. The concept require cooperation by nations to understand the principles to increase the overall wealth of the nations.
我的理解是，國(guó)際貿(mào)易建立在比較優(yōu)勢(shì)和絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)的原則之上，尤其是當(dāng)我們談?wù)撝圃鞓I(yè)和工業(yè)時(shí)。這個(gè)概念要求各國(guó)合作理解這些原則，以增加各國(guó)的整體財(cái)富。

That is how world benefits from trade. In these principles there is not question of one nation bearing another in any particular industry.
世界就是這樣從貿(mào)易中受益的。在這些原則下，不存在一個(gè)國(guó)家在某個(gè)特定行業(yè)“擊敗”另一個(gè)國(guó)家的問題。

If that approach is used no nation will benefit from international trade. We will then again be forced to adopt the theory of mercantilism where one nation benefit at the cost of another. Partly that has already started in present times.
如果采用那種（對(duì)抗性的）方法，沒有國(guó)家能從國(guó)際貿(mào)易中獲益。那樣我們將被迫再次采用重商主義理論，即一個(gè)國(guó)家以犧牲另一個(gè)國(guó)家為代價(jià)獲益。一定程度上，這種情況在當(dāng)今時(shí)代已經(jīng)開始出現(xiàn)了。

Adam smith must be very uncomfortable at this juncture in his grave seeing this reversal of approach to international trade.
亞當(dāng)·斯密在墳?zāi)估锟吹竭@種國(guó)際貿(mào)易方式的逆轉(zhuǎn)，此刻一定非常不安。

So therefore if you agree with the benefits and sanctity of theory of absolute advantage and comparative advantage and serious about increasing the wealth of nations through scientific means then probably I will be able to answer this question.
因此，如果你認(rèn)同絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)和比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論的好處及其神圣性，并認(rèn)真希望通過科學(xué)手段增加國(guó)家財(cái)富，那么我或許能夠回答這個(gè)問題。

Assuming these time tested theories are followed by all nations. Then India will be better off concentrating on industries such as manufacturing of small cars including EVs, focusing on industries that require semi skilled and skilled labour in abundance such as gems and jewellery, textiles, heavy machinery, consumer goods, art and craft, tourism, IT & back office services and some more.
假設(shè)所有國(guó)家都遵循這些久經(jīng)考驗(yàn)的理論。那么，印度最好專注于小型汽車（包括電動(dòng)汽車）制造等行業(yè)，專注于需要大量半熟練和熟練勞動(dòng)力的行業(yè)，如寶石和珠寶、紡織、重型機(jī)械、消費(fèi)品、工藝美術(shù)、旅游業(yè)、IT及后臺(tái)服務(wù)等。

China should graduate into complementary industries such as robotics, hi tech electronics, biotechnology, aviation and others. No one need to beat anyone. It is just to be at the right place at the right time.
中國(guó)則應(yīng)升級(jí)進(jìn)入互補(bǔ)性行業(yè)，如機(jī)器人技術(shù)、高科技電子、生物技術(shù)、航空等。沒有人需要擊敗任何人。關(guān)鍵在于在正確的時(shí)間處于正確的位置。

This is the only way to increase the wealth of the nations collectively.
這是共同增加國(guó)家財(cái)富的唯一途徑。


Louis L
I would say film industry. Bollywood makes a lot of films.
我會(huì)說是電影產(chǎn)業(yè)。寶萊塢制作大量電影。

Also, beauty industry. I am not joking. India has won more Miss World than China. There is a big industry behind it. From hair, skin care, clothes, training, photography, make up, clothes design, India has the whole thing.
還有，美容產(chǎn)業(yè)。我不是開玩笑。印度贏得世界小姐的次數(shù)比中國(guó)多。這背后有一個(gè)龐大的產(chǎn)業(yè)。從頭發(fā)、護(hù)膚、服裝、培訓(xùn)、攝影、化妝、服裝設(shè)計(jì)，印度擁有完整的鏈條。

sugar industry.
制糖業(yè)。

India produces more sugar than China.
印度的糖產(chǎn)量比中國(guó)多。